※ [本文轉錄自 IA 看板 #1KC-jrtJ ] http://goo.gl/IFdkyu The Wall Street Journal 華爾街日報 Ecuador Minister to Apologize Publicly to Indigenous People Over Oil Project 厄瓜多司法部長因鑽油計畫，公開向原住民道歉 By Mercedes Alvaro Sept. 30, 2014 4:48 p.m. ET QUITO, Ecuador—Justice Minister Ledy Zuniga will offer a public apology to a community from the Sarayaku indigenous group on Wednesday over the development of an oil project in their ancestral lands almost two decades ago, which an international court said was a violation of their rights. 厄瓜多司法部長 Ledy Zuniga 將在週三（10/1），為了近二十年前在原住民傳統領域裡的 一個鑽油計畫，向 Sarayaku 地區的原住民道歉，因為美洲人權法院認為該計畫侵犯了原 住民的權利。 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ "This is a great step forward for the indigenous peoples' battle to defend their rights and their ancestral lands," Felix Santi, the head of the Sarayaku people, said in an interview. "This day will be recorded in the memory and the history of the Kwichua people." The Kwichua community of Sarayaku is located in the Ecuadorean Amazon in Pastaza province. 「這是原住民在悍衛權利及土地的戰鬥中，非常重要的一大步」Sarayaku 當地領袖 Felix Santi 接受採訪時說道。「這一天將會被記錄在 Kwichua人的記憶及歷史中。」 Kwichua人是一支居住在 Sarayaku 地區的原住民族群，位於厄瓜多東南部亞馬遜地區的 帕斯塔薩省（Pastaza province）。 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ The apology will be offered by Ms. Zuniga in the Kwichua language and Spanish in a public ceremony at the Sarayaku's central plaza. Three other ministers, including Environmental Minister Lorena Tapia, are expected to attend. 道歉聲明將由司法部長 Ms. Zuniga 以 Kwichua語及西班牙語在 Sarayaku 的中央廣場， 以公開的儀式發布。其他三位政府首長，包括環境部長 Lorena Tapia，也預計會出席。 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ But observers say the apology won't do much to defuse potential conflicts between indigenous peoples and companies that want to explore for oil in the Amazon. 但觀察家表示，這個道歉並不會化解原住民與亞馬遜地區的石油公司兩者之間 所存在的潛在衝突。 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ "New conflicts can still arise with new oil projects, especially in the southeast as under the current law the government is obliged to carry out prior consultation, but results are not binding," said Fernando Santos, a lawyer who works in the oil sector. "That means that although there may be community opposition, the government can develop projects." 「新的衝突仍會伴隨著新的鑽油計畫而產生，特別是在東南部，政府因現行法律規定， 必須先向當地居民確認意願，但結果並不具約束力」一位在石油部門工作的律師 Fernando Santos 說。「這意味著，雖然當地族群表示反對，政府仍能進行開發計畫。」 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ In July 2012, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights ruled that Ecuador must apologize, consult, and compensate the Sarayaku community for violating their rights with the development of the Block 23 concession in Pastaza. It also said the government must accelerate the safe removal of 1.4 tons of explosives that an oil company left in their land. 2012年七月，美洲人權法院（Inter-American Court of Human Rights）判決厄瓜多政府 因為在帕斯塔薩省開發 Block 23 鑽油計畫，必須向 Sarayaku 當地原住民族道歉及賠償 ，美洲人權法院並表示，厄瓜多政府必須加速安全地移除石油公司留在原住民領域土地上 的1.4公噸炸藥。 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ In 1996, during the government of conservative President Sixto Duran Ballen, Argentina's Compania General de Combustibles obtained a license to develop Block 23. About 60% of the land belongs to the Sarayaku community and the remaining to other indigenous groups. 1996年，在 Sixto Duran Ballen 總統任內，阿根廷 Compania General de Combustibles 公司獲得了 Block 23 計畫的開發執照，但該計畫的百分之六十土地是屬於 Sarayaku人 的傳統領域，剩下的也分別屬於許多其他的原住民族。 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ The court said that Ecuador didn't seek consent from the Sarayaku community in accordance with international standards. 美洲人權法院表示，厄瓜多政府當時並不符合國際規範，沒有向 Sarayaku 當地族群尋求 同意。 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ The court said this was a violation of the Sarayaku's rights, including its cultural identity and indigenous communal property. 這侵犯了 Sarayaku 當地人的權利，包括文化認同及原住民的共有財產。 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ The community sued Ecuador's government in 2003. Last year, the Sarayaku people received compensation of $1.4 million, but the government still needed to remove the explosives left in the land. 原住民族於2003年控告厄瓜多政府，去年 Sarayaku人收到了一百四十萬美元的賠償金， 但政府仍必須移除留在該領域上的炸藥。 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ The Sarayaku population totals about 1,200. Since the 1980s, it has publicly fought against oil activity in its territory. Sarayaku 的人口大約有1200人，自1980年代以來，該領域即出現許多對抗探油活動的戰鬥 行為。 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ "This is the first time that a Latin American state has gone to an indigenous community to offer apologies for something it did poorly," said Mario Melo, a lawyer for the Sarayaku community. "This could be an example for other communities not only in Ecuador, but the entire region." 「這是第一次，一個拉丁美洲國家因為錯誤的政策，向原住民道歉」一位替 Sarayaku人 辯護的律師 Mario Melo 說道。「這不僅是對厄瓜多其他族群的一個示範，對全世界的 原住民而言，更是一個指標。」 --

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※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc) ※ 轉錄者: shinshong (61.56.161.98), 10/08/2014 10:33:18 ※ 編輯: shinshong (61.56.161.98), 10/08/2014 10:33:35