課程名稱：個體經濟學 課程性質：必修 課程範圍： 開課教師：鄭鴻章 開課學院：國貿系 開課系級： 考試日期(年月日)：99/11/18 考試時限(Mins)： 試題本文： 一、The rent control agency of an Asian city has found that aggregate demand is QD=160-8P. Quantity is measured in tens of thousands of apartments. Price, the average monthly rental rate, is measured in hundreds of dollars. The agency also noted that the increase in Q at lower P results from more three-person families coming into the city from the rural countryside and demanding apartments. The city's board of realtors acknowledges that this is a good demand estimate and has shown that supply is Qs=70+7P. a.If both the agency and the board are right about demand and supply, what is the free market price? What is the change in city population if the agency sets a maximum average monthly rental of $300, and all those who cannot find an apartment leave the city? b.Suppose the agency bows to the wishes of the board and sets a rental of $900 per month on all apartments to allow landlords a "fair" rate of return.If 50 percent of any long-run increases in apartment offerings come from new construction, how many apartments are constructed? (參考課本第二章第6題) 二、The table below shows the retail price and sales for instant coffee and roasted coffee for 1997 and 1998 │ Retail price of Sales of │Retail Price of Sales of │ Instant coffee Instant coffee │Roasted Coffee Roasted Coffee Year │ │ ────┼─────────────────┼──────────────── 1997 │ 10.35　　　　　　　75 │ 4.11 820 │ │ 1998 │ 10.48 70 │ 3.76 850 ────┴─────────────────┴──────────────── a.Using this data alone. estimate the short-run price elasticity of demand for roasted coffee.Derive a linear demand curve for roasted coffee. b.Now estimate the short-run price elasticity of demand for instant coffee .Derive a liner demand curve for instant coffee. c.Which coffee has the higher short-run elasticity of demand? Why do you think this is the case? 三、假設台灣天然瓦斯市場的供需如下： 　Ｓ：Q^s = 14+2Pg+0.25Po Ｄ：Q^d = -5Pg+3.75Po 其中Pg與Po分別為天然瓦斯與原油的價格;則： 　　1.當Po=8(NT$)時，則天然瓦斯自由市場均衡價格為何？ 　　2.若2004年管制價格為每百萬立方公呎NT$1.5元而非NT$1元，則試問瓦斯的超額需求 為何？ 　　3.若天然瓦斯市場並未管制，當Po由NT$8元上升到NT$16元時，則瓦斯市場的均衡價格 為何？ 　 四、若某農產品的供給與需求如下： 　Ｄ：Qt^d = 360-Pt Ｓ：Qt^s = 120+2Pt-1 則： 　　1.市場的均衡價格為多少？ 2.當P1=100，則P3？ 　　3.該均衡點是否為穩定均衡？ --

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