课程名称：个体经济学 课程性质：必修 课程范围： 开课教师：郑鸿章 开课学院：国贸系 开课系级： 考试日期(年月日)：99/11/18 考试时限(Mins)： 试题本文： 一、The rent control agency of an Asian city has found that aggregate demand is QD=160-8P. Quantity is measured in tens of thousands of apartments. Price, the average monthly rental rate, is measured in hundreds of dollars. The agency also noted that the increase in Q at lower P results from more three-person families coming into the city from the rural countryside and demanding apartments. The city's board of realtors acknowledges that this is a good demand estimate and has shown that supply is Qs=70+7P. a.If both the agency and the board are right about demand and supply, what is the free market price? What is the change in city population if the agency sets a maximum average monthly rental of $300, and all those who cannot find an apartment leave the city? b.Suppose the agency bows to the wishes of the board and sets a rental of $900 per month on all apartments to allow landlords a "fair" rate of return.If 50 percent of any long-run increases in apartment offerings come from new construction, how many apartments are constructed? (参考课本第二章第6题) 二、The table below shows the retail price and sales for instant coffee and roasted coffee for 1997 and 1998 │ Retail price of Sales of │Retail Price of Sales of │ Instant coffee Instant coffee │Roasted Coffee Roasted Coffee Year │ │ ────┼─────────────────┼──────────────── 1997 │ 10.35　　　　　　　75 │ 4.11 820 │ │ 1998 │ 10.48 70 │ 3.76 850 ────┴─────────────────┴──────────────── a.Using this data alone. estimate the short-run price elasticity of demand for roasted coffee.Derive a linear demand curve for roasted coffee. b.Now estimate the short-run price elasticity of demand for instant coffee .Derive a liner demand curve for instant coffee. c.Which coffee has the higher short-run elasticity of demand? Why do you think this is the case? 三、假设台湾天然瓦斯市场的供需如下： 　Ｓ：Q^s = 14+2Pg+0.25Po Ｄ：Q^d = -5Pg+3.75Po 其中Pg与Po分别为天然瓦斯与原油的价格;则： 　　1.当Po=8(NT$)时，则天然瓦斯自由市场均衡价格为何？ 　　2.若2004年管制价格为每百万立方公尺NT$1.5元而非NT$1元，则试问瓦斯的超额需求 为何？ 　　3.若天然瓦斯市场并未管制，当Po由NT$8元上升到NT$16元时，则瓦斯市场的均衡价格 为何？ 　 四、若某农产品的供给与需求如下： 　Ｄ：Qt^d = 360-Pt Ｓ：Qt^s = 120+2Pt-1 则： 　　1.市场的均衡价格为多少？ 2.当P1=100，则P3？ 　　3.该均衡点是否为稳定均衡？ --

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