課程名稱︰經濟史二 課程性質︰必修 課程教師︰魏凱立 開課學院：社會科學院 開課系所︰經濟系 考試日期（年月日）︰98.04.13 考試時限（分鐘）： 是否需發放獎勵金：是 （如未明確表示，則不予發放） 試題 : Section A (Answer 2 of 3) 1. (a) Why did IBM lose its dominant position in the personal computer market? 為何IBM失去個人電腦市場的龍頭地位？ (b) Why was Nucor important? 為何Nucor重要？ (c) State one important change which occurred in the U.S. banking sector in the 1980s and 1990s. 舉出一個美國銀行業在1980至1990年代間的重要改變。 (d) Name two industries which were deregulated around 1980. 舉出兩個在1980年左右解除管制的工業。 (e) Why did people like T. Boone Pickens work with Michael Milken? 為何T. Boone Pickens這一類人會和Michael Milken一齊工作？ 2. (a) Briefly describe two social welfare programs created in the U.S. during the 1960s. 簡述二項美國1960年代的社會福利計畫。 (b) Did the U.S. inflation rate increase or decrease during the 1970s? What about the unemployment rate? 1970年代美國的通貨膨脹為上升或下降？失業率為上升或下降？ (c) Briefly state what the savings and loan crisis was 簡述savings and loan的危機為何？ (d) What generally happened to U.S. conglomerates during the 1980s? 美國的conglomerates在1980年代有何改變？ (e) What happened to the Bretton Woods monetary system during the 1970s? Bretton Woods貨幣制度在1970年代發生了什麼事？ 3. (a) Describe one way in which Hitler and Roosevelt's approach to fighting the Depression were similar. Describe one way in which they differed. 分別舉一例說明希特勒和羅斯福面對經濟大恐慌時，所採行政策之相同與相異 之處。 (b) How did World War I affect Russia? 第一次世界大戰如何影響俄羅斯？ (c) Briefly state one way in which Stalin's first five-year plan could be considered a success. In what way could it be considered a failure? 分別簡述一個史達林的五年計畫從那個角度來看是成功的？從那個角度來看是 失敗的？ (d) Briefly state one of the criticisms Werner Sombart made of Marxism. 簡述一項Werner Sombart對馬克思主義的批評。 (e) Briefly, what was the New Economic Policy(NEP) which was used in the Soviet Union during the 1920s? 簡述蘇俄在1920年代間採行的新經濟政策(NEP)是什麼？ Section B (Answer 1 of 2) 1. Why was the Gold standard better at stopping inflation than deflation? Why was deflation a worse problem after World War I than it had been before the war? Why did the Depression end first in places like England and Japan and only much later in places like France? What did Roosevelt do to get the economy growing again during the Depression in the United States? What effect did the Depression have on world trade? 在防止通貨膨脹上，為何採行金本位制較通貨緊縮政策好？ 為何在第一次世界大戰後採行通貨緊縮政策，反而較戰前採行時的情況更不好？ 為何經濟大恐慌先在英格蘭及日本等地結束，而較晚在法國結束？ 羅斯福採行什麼政策使美國在經濟大恐慌時得以經濟成長？ 經濟大恐慌對世界貿易有何影響？ 2. Why have many people mistakenly believed that World War II ended the Great Depression? Why does war production usually help big business(compared with small business)? Why did the U.S. government use cost-plus contracts? Why was rationing used during the war rather than letting the market set prices? After the war, how did the U.S. help Western Europe to rebuild its economy? 為何許多人誤以為第二次世界大戰使經濟大恐慌結束？ 與中小企業相比，為何戰爭有助於大企業？ 為何美國使用cost-plus訂定契約？ 為何政府在戰爭時期選擇分配商品，而不讓市場決定價格？ 第二次世界大戰後美國如何幫助西歐國家重建經濟？ --

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