※ [本文转录自 DigiCurrency 看板 #1Q2pynGs ] 作者: Epimenides (No.13) 看板: DigiCurrency 标题: [新闻] 比特币的高手续费暴露了它的极限 时间: Wed Nov 15 03:08:29 2017 新闻来源连结： https://www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2017-11-14/bitcoin-s-high-transaction-fees-show-its-limits 缩网址 https://goo.gl/y8UPrC 新闻本文： 随手加减跳着翻一下 Bitcoin's High Transaction Fees Show Its Limits 比特币的高手续费暴露了它的极限 The original cryptocurrency may never be a widespread payment instrument. 第一个加密货币可能永远不会成为广泛使用的支付工具 By Leonid Bershidsky November 14, 2017, 8:41 PM GMT+8 More hassle than it's worth? Photographer: Dan Kitwood The Bitcoin rate spike, still alive despite bitter divisions in the community that supports the cryptocurrency, has laid bare the biggest problem with Bitcoin: Compared with fiat currencies, it's painfully inconvenient and expensive to use as a means of payment. 尽管比特币社群分裂，它的价格还是上涨 最大的问题：和法币相比，它作为支付的工具 使用上有够痛苦，有够不方便，成本有够贵 Bitcoin is set up to reward users for verifying transactions. Miners who package transactions into "blocks" receive two kinds of rewards: The additional Bitcoin they produce by using their hardware to solve mathematical problems (an income stream that will eventually cease since 21 million bitcoins are the maximum that can be mined) and the transaction fees paid by users to get their payments into blocks. 简介一下矿工的角色，这个大家都知道就不翻 The Bitcoin system is designed around scarcity and its traditionalists insist on keeping the block size small (rebels who did away with that tenet founded an offshoot, Bitcoin Cash, earlier this year). Their reasoning is that only people with more computing power can live in a big-block world and going down that path would make Bitcoin less democratic. But that horse has bolted: Mining is already largely the province of people who invest significant money in equipment and the huge amount of energy required to run it. As Bitcoin's exchange rate rose rapidly and more people wanted to get in on the boom, getting into blocks became difficult, and miners prioritize transactions on which users are willing to pay a higher fee. It works a bit like Uber's surge pricing, except the user sets the fee based on how long she's prepared to wait for the transaction to go through -- using one of several sites that link fees to waiting times or show median and average fees. 一边坚持区块要小，另一边分叉为bitcoin cash 理由：大区块减低比特币的民主性 但，挖矿己经是专业矿工的事 随着比特币价格上涨，很多人想要上车， 想挤进区块越来越难，矿工看谁钱出得多来排定谁可以进入区块的优先顺序 有些网站可以查询平均手续费用 At the time of this writing, the median fee paid to process the median transaction -- 226 bytes of information -- was 171,760 satoshis, or 0.0017176 Bitcoin, or $11.38. If you just want to pay for a cup of coffee or order something relatively inexpensive on an e-commerce site without waiting many hours for the transaction to clear, this is uneconomical. If you're a speculator, though, hoping to make money on the wild exchange rate fluctuations, you'll be willing to pay an even bigger premium for speed. No wonder the medium transaction size at the time of this writing exceeded $800 after reaching a peak of almost $1,300. 手续费的中位数目前是171,760聪，折合11.38镁 如果你是想买杯咖啡，或来个网购，这不划算 不过，想炒作的话，你会愿意付高一点的手续费加快速度 现在平均交易金额是800镁，好像也不意外 Bitcoin was never a particularly convenient means of payment. One can get a Bitcoin debit card and use it anywhere cards are accepted, but the fees on them -- charged on top of the Bitcoin transaction fees -- are generally higher than at your bank. For merchants, it's convenient to sign on to accept the cryptocurrency via specialized payment platforms -- but then the rate volatility and the same high transaction fees make it unattractive for a merchant who mostly works in a fiat currency economy. In July, Morgan Stanley issued a report saying merchants' acceptance of Bitcoin was on a downward trend just as the cryptocurrency's exchange rate went through the roof. 比特币从来就不是特别方便的支付工具 你可以申请一张debit card，但在手续费之外还要另外付一笔使用费， 比银行收得还贵 对於商家，接受加密货币，多一个收款方式也不错 但是汇率波动高，手续费高，算起来就没那麽吸引人 七月份摩根史丹利的报告，就在比特币涨破天际时， 愿意接受比特币的商家数量却在减少中 Some merchants stick to the currency, perhaps for PR value. BitPay, one of the top Bitcoin payment platforms, reported last month it was on track to process $1 billion in payments to merchants this year; the dollar volume of the transactions in January through September was up 328 percent year-on-year, the company said. But Visa, for example, processed $6.3 trillion in payments last year. Bitcoin hasn't even begun to make a dent in this market. 有些商家还是保留这个付款方式，也许是为了公关价值 BitPay上个月说，他们目标是今年要处理十亿美元支付， 虽然从一月到九月，金额上涨328% 但跟VISA的处理的6.3兆美元比起来，简直是九牛一毛 There is a notable group of merchants and customers willing to put up with Bitcoin's inconveniences: U.S. marijuana dispensaries and pot users, who are not adequately served by banks because of legal problems. Dark Web markets for harder drugs, guns and other restricted items also prefer to use Bitcoin, and, despite a recent crackdown, the currency still holds an appeal for Chinese investors trying to bypass their country's currency restrictions. 也有部份商家和顾客愿意忍受比特币的不方便：大麻产业 因为法律原因他们没办法好好利用银行 黑暗网路dark web的市场，毒品，枪枝，还有其他管制品，也偏好比特币 还有，一些中国投资人还是寄望它可以突破外汇管制 The essential value of Bitcoin, speculation aside, is to provide payment and transfer services in grey or black areas, where governments don't want banks to go and where electronic fiat money is too traceable for comfort. It's up to buyers and sellers to determine if this value proposition justifies the exchange rate to fiat currencies; given the current maximum block size of 1 megabyte and the strong resistance to increasing it, the original Bitcoin may never expand beyond its current narrow usefulness. 不管投机的部份，比特币的基本价值在灰色地带甚至黑色地带提供支付和交易服务 这些地方政府不希望银行去，法币又太好追踪 比特币这部份的价值就看买家和卖家取舍 现在区块大小是1M，实用性可能永远不会跨出这小小的范围 This creates a window of opportunity for Ethereum, Bitcoin Cash and other cryptocurrencies to gain wider acceptance. But dealing in several of them will inevitably be confusing for merchants. Besides, various combinations of design, technology and market failures such the one now afflicting Bitcoin as a means of payment, will keep cropping up. 对以太币，bitcoin cash，和其他币种，这是一个机会 但处理太多种币也是麻烦 再者，现在比特币面临的问题，他们也迟早要面对 It's likely that, if we ever switch to paying in cryptocurrency, it will be of the fiat variety, issued by central banks. As the sole issuers, they will fit their systems to historical transaction volumes and dictate transaction fees. If forced to compete with central-bank-designed systems for convenience, decentralized currencies will remain on the risky fringe, seducing volatility-loving speculators, dodgy businesses and their anonymity-craving customers. 如果我们真的要改用加密货币，那很可能会是央行发行的版本 因为，作为发行者，他们可以将这科技应用到现有的流通量，制定手续费等等 如果被迫要和央行的版本竞争方便性的话，去中心化的货币可能会留在风险端 吸引喜欢波动性的投机/投资人、不法交易、还有渴求匿名性的顾客 评论： 有些同意有些不同意，老是提犯罪有点倒胃口 不过它确实指出现在比特币最大的问题：手续费太高啦 虽然只是篇专栏文章，bloomberg平台还是有它的影响力 加减看看金融界那边的观点 --

※ 发信站: 批踢踢实业坊(ptt.cc), 来自: 36.224.2.66 ※ 文章网址: https://webptt.com/cn.aspx?n=bbs/DigiCurrency/M.1510686513.A.436.html 喔喔谢谢 来改一下好了 ※ 编辑: Epimenides (36.224.2.66), 11/16/2017 00:45:39

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