※ 引述《cyshen (喔喔喔)》之铭言： : 老师发了一份paper要我们回去读 : 光是其中一小段 : 就让我百思不得其解 : 想跟各位请教一下 : 原文如下: : In speaking of the “crucial assumption” of a theory, we are trying to state : the key elements of the abstract model. There are generally many different ways : of describing the model completely-many different sets of “postulates” which : both imply and are implied by the model as a whole. These are all logically : equivalent: what are regarded as axioms or postulates of a model from one point : of view can be regarded as theorems from another, and conversely. The : particular “assumptions” termed “crucial”are selected on grounds of their : convenience in some such respects as simplicity or economy in describing the : model, intuitive plausibility, or capacity to suggest, if only by implication, : some of the considerations that are relevant in judging or applying the model. : 以下是我努力分段翻译的结果: : In speaking of the “crucial assumption” of a theory, we are trying to state : the key elements of the abstract model. : =>谈到一个理论的关键假设时，我相信我们一直在试图去陈述抽象模型的关键元素。 : 翻成中文之後 : 还是雾飒飒 : 这一段话到底意所何指? : 我试着去理解 : 比如说谈到消费者理论的理性假设时 : 教科书的作者就会用某些方法来陈述模型的关键元素 : 比如说凸向原点的无异曲线之类的 : 目的是让读者了解 : 关键假设会造成模型中什麽样的关键元素 : 不知道我这样理解对不对? element你一直当成"元素"所以会误解 : There are generally many different ways of describing the model completely-many : different sets of “postulates” which both imply and are implied by the model : as a whole.These are all logically equivalent: what are regarded as axioms or : postulates of a model from one point of view can be regarded as theorems from : another, and conversely. : =>通常有很多完整描述模型的方法－普遍来说，许多不同的假设组隐含了模型本身也被模 : 型所隐含。这些都是逻辑上相等的：那些从某个观点被视为公理和假设的，能够从另一 : 个观点被视为定理，反之亦然。 : 这一段也不太懂在讲什麽 : 感觉上只是在说:假设推导出模型,模型也包含了假设 以上在讲模型与假设之间的关系 : 不过後面的:what are regarded as axioms or postulates of a model from one point : of view can be regarded as theorems from another, and conversely. : 就真的看不懂了... : The particular “assumptions” termed “crucial”are selected on grounds of : their convenience in some such respects as simplicity or economy in describing : the model, intuitive plausibility, or capacity to suggest, if only by : implication, some of the considerations that are relevant in judging or : applying the model. : =>那些被称作”关键”的特别假设，是以一些像是如下的方面为由被选出的：在描述模型 : 上很简单或是很节省、直觉上似乎有道理的，或是有暗示的能力，假如只是藉由暗示， : 一些要考虑的事项就会和判断以及应用模型有关。 : 这段应该是说 : 那些关键的假设是怎麽被选择的 : 比如说能够简化模型 : (这里的economy要怎麽翻 我也搞不太清楚 翻成节省也怪怪的) : 或是直觉上似乎合理 : 亦或是有暗示的能力 : (为什麽不选有明示能力的假设?) : 最後的if only by implication, some of the considerations that are relevant in : judging or applying the model. 以上文章没时间逐一翻译 以下讲个大概 整段是在模型的假设 模型推导之前要先做假设 但是模型是把整个要分析的现象简化 而要把现象简化就要先做假设 但是假设是无法完全将现象简化成模型的 所以假设只会设定最重要的部分 假设做好了 模型便开始推导 而推倒的过程中 如果你仔细研究 会发现几乎所有的模型都没有把所有的假设都设定完成 但是没把非关键性的假设写出来并不会影响模型的推导 事实上你在看模型推倒的时候 会自然而然的把一些不具非关键而作者也没写出来的假设加入在你的阅读过程中 而这便是模型所隐含的假设 其他请自己在读一遍 应该就懂了 --

※ 发信站: 批踢踢实业坊(ptt.cc) ◆ From: 59.117.104.177