1. The man who drives the car every day is my brother. 2. The man driving the car every day is my brother. 3. The man who drove the car yesterday was my brother. 4. The man driving the car yesterday was my brother. 5. The boy who brings the milk has been ill. 6. The boy bringing the milk has been ill. 7. A tile which fell from a roof shattered into fragments. 8. A tile falling from a roof shattered into fragments. 9. The boy who brings the milk every morning has been ill. 10. The boy bringing the milk every morning has been ill. Do 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 have the same meanings as 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 respectively? https://goo.gl/kjQo8R No. Let me take just one example. The others follow the same pattern. First of all, The boy bringing the milk has been ill is a shortened form of The boy who is bringing the milk has been ill. The other sentence is The boy who brings the milk has been ill. So the only difference between the sentences is the difference between non-progressive aspect (brings) and progressive aspect (is bringing). The usual use of the non-progressive aspect in the present tense is to report a habit. The usual use of the progressive aspect in the present tense is to report an activity going on at the time that the speaker says the words. brings usually means brings habitually, brings on a regular basis, brings more than once, brings as part of a routine, brings repeatedly. is bringing usually means is bringing at this moment, is bringing at the moment of my saying so, is bringing just now as I am looking at him bringing. If you understand the difference between non-progressive and progressive aspect, you understand the difference between the two sentences. CJ -- 火车败马(pai7-be2)=火车出轨。 http://taigi.fhl.net/dict/gm.php?fn=B/B0630.png --

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