课程名称︰普通化学甲上 课程性质︰外系生/高中预修班普通化学 课程教师︰金必耀 开课学院：理学院 开课系所︰化学系 考试日期（年月日）︰2009/01/16 考试时限（分钟）：170 min (18:30~21:20) (会视作答状况调整，号称最晚可以到十点，不过不需要这麽久) 是否需发放奖励金：否 （如未明确表示，则不予发放） 试题 : (NH_3 即氨，[NH_4]^(+) 即铵根，下列化学式排版规则同左例) 1.(10%) The 10 most common chemicals produced in the United States are as follows: H_2SO_4, NH_3, CaO, O_2, N_2, C_2H_4 (ethylene), NaOH, Cl_2, H_3PO_4, and NH_4NO_3. Which of these may be classified as salts? Give the chemical name and draw a Lewis structure for each. (跟 TA 确认的结果，最後是十个提到的分子的都要画 Lewis structure) 2.(8%) Balance the following redox reactions occuring in neutral, acidic or basic aqueous solution by the half-reaction method. As in homework, first write the equation in ionic form and eliminate spectator ions, When you have obtained a balanced equation, add spectators to give a balanced neutral equation. a. Br_2(aq.) + H_2SO_4(aq.) → HBr(aq.) + CO_2(g) b. I_2(aq.) + [S_2O_3]^(2-) ─(KOH)→ I^(-)(aq.) + [S_4O_6]^(2-)(aq.) c. [CN]^(-)(aq.) + [MnO_4]^(-)(aq.) ─(NaOH)→ MnO_2(s) + [CNO]^(-)(aq.) d. [CrO_4]^(2-)(aq.) + [HSnO_2]^(-)(aq.) ─(KOH)→ [HSnO_3]^(-)(aq.) + [CrO_2]^(-)(aq.) 3.(10%) One family of recently discovered high-temperature superconductor is typified by the trimetallic oxide YBa_2Cu_3O_7(s), a so-called "1-2-3 superconductor." Using the nobel gas rule for Y, Ba, and O, what is the charge state of Cu in this compound? 4.(8%) Successful overlap using p orbital depends on their orientation with respect to the covalent bond axis. By using symmetry arguments, show that the overlap integral S is identically zero for overlapping an s orbital on one atom with a p orbital on a neighboring atom that points perpendicular to the internuclear axis. (That is to say, sigma-symmetry orbitals have zero overlap with pi-symmetry orbitals.) It helps to make a sketch. 5.(9%) For each of the following molecules, use VSEPR to predict the bond angles (and hybridization) of each atom bounded to more that one other atom, and sketch the molecular shape. a. GaH_3 b. SF_4 c. BeCl_2 d. SbCl_5 e. IF_5 6.(5%) Determine which of the molecules as shown in the previous question have nonzero dipole moments. 7.(10%) For the molecule methyl fluoride (CH_3F, fluromethane), give valence bond wave function describing the C-H bond and the C-F bond, and sketch the overlapping orbitals for each. 8.(10%) The hydroxyl radical (OH) is a common intermediate in combustion reactions, as well as an important, almost central, species in statospheric chemistry. Analyze OH using MO theory, and predicts its magnetic properties. 9.(8%) For the redox reaction between K and ICl, identify the importance frontier orbitals and sketch them. On the basis of your sketches, do you expect to see a greater yield of KI or KCl? 10.(8%) Shinning 266-nm light on HBr causes dissociation into H and Br atoms. What MOs are involved in this transition? Given the bond energy of HBr, D_0 = 3.751 eV, what is the kinetic energy of the atom after dissociation? 11.(10%) In the N_2 molecule, which transition, sigma^2p to pi^star, or pi to pi^star, will produce a greater change in the bond length? How is this difference reflected in the absorption bands for these two transitions? 12.(10%) The vibrational of degree of HCl is only one. However, there is a tiny splitting in the IR specturm of HCl as shown in the figure below. What is the origin of this splitting? Rationalized your answer based on the vibrational frequency = [(force constant/reduced mass)^(1/2)]/2pi, in particular, you have to discuss the dependence of vibrational frequency on force constant and reduced mass (= [m_1 * m_2] / [m_1 + m_2]) and their relative importance. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/Hbase/molecule/imgmol/hclspec.gif (原始图当然不是这张，重点是每个 peak 都有 splitting) -- 当我们在远方相遇，我必能清楚看见 你已为我开灯点亮整个宇宙的黑暗 --

※ 发信站: 批踢踢实业坊(ptt.cc) ◆ From: 61.230.31.7 ※ KenYang0531:转录至看板 civil98 01/13 23:34