课程名称课程名称︰普通化学丙 课程性质︰系定必修 课程教师︰周必泰 开课学院：医学院 开课系所︰医学系 考试日期（年月日）︰980116 考试时限（分钟）：140 是否需发放奖励金：是 （如未明确表示，则不予发放） 试题 : General Chemistry Final Examination 2009/1/16 (Total Score 210) A.期中考相关考题: (40分) A-1. Explain why the molar heat capacity (Cv) of most mono atomic metal is ~3R at room temperature (Pierre-Louis Dulong and Alexis-Therese Petit rule), while Cv is ~0 when temperature is close to 0 K.(5) (延伸题，上课证明过) For mono atomic, ideal gas, prove Cp = Cv + R.(5) A-2. In one dimensional vibrational motion for a diatomic molecule AB (with ma- ss ma for A atom and mb for B atom) along the x axis where the potential energy is assumed to be (1/2)kx^2 (k = force constant), write down the Ha- miltonian for the Schrodinger equation.(5) A-3. For the A4 family, CO2 molecule forms linear structure (sp), however, str- ucture of SiO2 is observed as tetrahedral (sp3). Please explain.(5) A-4. For 1s orbital, Ψ1s = [(1/√π)(Z/a0)^(3/2)]e^(-Zr/a0), where a0 = 0.529 埃, find out the radius for the maximum probability for Be3+. A-5. NNO and NON are isomers. Write down the most stable Lewis structure for NNO and NON.(5) Determine and explain wich one (NNO or NON) is a more sta- ble form.(5) B.期末考相关考题:(170分) B-1. Definition and Explanation B1-1.Using the band gap theory to explain the "conductor", "semiconductor", "p- type conductor", "n-type conductor". (10) B1-2.(a) exothermic process, (b) endothermic process, (c) endergonic process, (d) exergonic process. (10) B1-3.(a) second law of thermodynamics, (b) third law of thermodynamics. (5) B1-4.Explain the differences between Schottky and Frenkel defects. (5) B1-5.What does state function mean?(5) Which of the following functions are st- ate funcions? B1-6.Which of the following compound is with the higher standard entropy value than H2O? (a) O2, (b) He, (c) CH3COOH, (d) CO, please explain. (5) B-2. (课堂上说过会考) Cubic packing spheres are stacked on top of each other in successive layers. Define volume occupied by spheres in the unit cell f = ─────────────────────── v volume of the unit cell prove fv = 52.4% for a cubic packing. (10) B-3. For the van-der Waals equation of the real gas nRT n P = ─── - a(──)^2 calc V-nb V in which Pcalc is the pressure calculated from van-der Waals equation. (a) Please define a and b.(5) (b) Please derive the above equation from the idea gas law.(5) (c) At higher pressure such as > 1000 atm, Pcalc calculated from the van- der Waals equation shows significant deviation from the observed one. Give a reasonable explanation. (5) B-4. (a) 由 G = H - TS 的定义，导出 G 和 pressure (P) and temperature (T) 的相 关性为: dG = VdP-SdT, in which V denotes the volume and S is system entropy at 25度C. (10) (b) On the above basis and common sense, explain why you need to make dia- mond from graphite at high temperature and high pressure, giving diamond 0 CO2 (g) → C(s) + O2 (g) △G = 397kJ graphite 0 CO2 (g) → C(s) + O2 (g) △G = 394kJ at 25度C. (5) B-5. (上课说过会考) The phase diagram for water in a close system is shown be- low, in which points A-F represent the condition of water at a specific pressure and temperature. Please answer the following questions. 1. Which point that △Hfus can be measured? (5) 2. Which reoresents triple point? And define it.(5) How many unknown pa- rameters (i.e. degree of freedom) need to be determined at triple po- int?(5)(上课讲过) 3. Which represents critical point? (5) At this point, what special phy- sical property can be observed? (5) 4. Using the formula of above B-4(a) to explain the negative slope for the line B-E for water.(5)(上课讲过) 5. (这题是习题16-95)Continuation of above question. The B-E line for the case of carbon dioxide has the positive slope, explain.(5) Rationali- ze why the critical temperature for water is greater than that for CO2.(5) B-6. (1)Fill the blank. According to the theory of thermodynamics, please fill the condition wich makes the reaction undergoes. (10) Reaction Fate of reaction 0 0 a.△S > 0; △H < 0 _____________ 0 0 b.△S > 0; △H > 0 _____________ 0 0 c.△S < 0; △H < 0 _____________ 0 0 d.△S < 0; △H > 0 _____________ (2)For reaction B-6(b), what is the fate of equilibrium conatant (i.e. in- crease or decrease?) when temperature is increased? Explain.(5) B-7. Plot of PV/nRT versus P for four gases H2, N2, CH4, and CO2 is shown below Please mark (1)-(4) to each gas and explain. (10) B-8. (习题) Consider 1.00 mol of CO2(g) at 300K and 5.00 atm. The gas expands until the final pressure is 1.00 atm. For each of the following conditions describing the expansion calculate q, w, and △E. Cp for CO2 is 37.1 J/Kmol, and assume that the gas behaves ideally. (10) a.The expansion occurs isothermally and reversibly. b.The expansion occurs isothermally against a constant external pressure of 1.00 atm. c.The expansion occurs adiabatically and reversibly. B-9 When water is supercooled, it freezes at a temperature below 0.0度C. If 10.9 kJ of heat is released when 2.00 mol of supercooled water at -15.0度C freezes, calculate the molar enthalpy of fusion for ice at 0.0度C and 1 atm Assume that the molar heat capacities for H2O(s) and H2O(l) are 37.5J/Kmol and 75.3J/Kmol, rspectively, and are temperature independent.(10) --

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