课程名称︰西洋哲学史一下 课程性质︰系必修 课程教师︰苑举正 开课学院：文学院 开课系所︰哲学系 考试日期（年月日）︰2009.4.15 考试时限（分钟）：60（不确定） 是否需发放奖励金：是 （如未明确表示，则不予发放） 试题 : Part I :True or False Questions (20 questions, each counts 2.5 points, 50 points in total). Please mark the answer on the answer sheet. 1.Aristotle's logic is characterized for being a system of syllogism. 2.The general aim of rational inquiry, according to Aristotle, is to advance from what is 'better known by nature', to what is 'better known to us'. 3.Phenomena mean, according to Aristotle, the relevant 'appearances' of the things better known to us in a particular area. 4.Experiences are reached by means of generalizations through induction from observations. 5.In marking categorical divisions, Aristotle is influenced only by grammar and syntax. 6.The primary type of potentiality is a principle(arche) of change and stability. 7.The form of a hammer includes its material cause, by specifying the function of hammer which explains why the hammer is made as it is. 8.Aristotle studies nature as an internal principle of change and stability. 9.According to Aristotle's metaphysics, the primary sort of substance is divine substance. 10.The idea that "subjects of change must also have objective properties" is offered by Aristotle to oppose Pythagoras'idea. 11.According to Aristotle, an organism remains in existence as long as its matter persists. 12.Aristotle rejects the Pre-Socratic materialist assumption that the soul is simply non-organic matter, but agrees totally with the platonic dualist claim that it must be something entirely non-bodily. 13.Aristotle assumes that the soul is the primary principle of life. 14.Aristotle's ethics concerns virtues(praiseworthy states) and vices (blameworthy states). 15.The ultimate good of rational agents is happiness. 16.Since a human being is essentially a rational agent, the essential activity of a human being is a life guides by pure reason. 17.According to Aristotle, a virtue of character must be a 'mean' or 'intermediate' state between rational and non-rational desires. 18.According to Aristotle, the virtue of intellect that ensures good deliberation is prudence. 19.According to Aristotle, the right moral choice requires experience of generalizing all situaions. 20.Aristotle denies the pleasure is some uniform sensation to which different kinds of pleasant action are connected only causally. Part II :Multiple Choice Question(20 question, every question contains only one correct answer and each counts 2.5 points, 50 points in total). Please mark the answer on the answer sheet. 1.Which of the following is NOT Aristotle's scheme of science? (1)Empiricism (2)Realism (3)Idealism (4)Foundationalism 2.In order to achieve the aim of rational inquiry, which of the following is NOT included? (1)Knowing by memory (2)Knowing by convention (3)Knowing by justification (4)knowing by understanding. 3.In speaking of syllogismos('deduction'), which of the following is INCORRECT ? (1)It is impossible for the premises of a deduction to be true and the conclusion false (2)That a deduction must have more than one premise (3)That the conclusion can be identical to any premises (4)That no redundant premises are allowed. 4.The principle of Non-contradiction is logically quivalent with which of the following?(1)Principle of Bivalence (2)Law of Excluded Middle (3)Principle of Autonomy (4)Occam's Razor. 5.According to Aristotle, which of the following is NOT physis? (1)Source (2)Principle (3)Nature (4)Perception. 6.Which of the following is NOT included in Aristotle's study of change? (1)The discussion of Nature (2)Four causes (3)The argument of the determinist-fatalist view (4)Change as from potentiality to actuality. 7.The primary type of potentiality is a principle(arche) of what? (1)body and soul (2)change and stability (3)theory and practice (4)matter and form. 8.Which are included in the ten 'Categories'? (1)substance, quantity, quality (2)relation, place, mind (3)position, having, movement (4)being affected, time, body. 9.Which of the following is NOT one of the four causes? (1)the Material Cause (2)the Final cause (3)the Efficient Cause (4)the Second Cause. 10.Which of the following is considered as 'particular'? (1)Beauty (2)Number (3)Socrates (4)Causation. 11.Which of the following is NOT considered as a name for a universal science? (1)First Philosophy (2)Theology (3)The Science of being (4)Physics. 12.In the sentence, 'The sculptor completeds a sculpture'. The sculptor is the sculpture's: (1)the Material Cause (2)the Final Cause (3)the Efficient Cause (4)the Second Cause. 13.Which of the following is NOT correct? (1)Aristotle was a pupil of Plato (2)Aristotle founded the Academy (3)Aristotle was the teacher of Alexander the Great (4)Aristotle was not a Greek. 14.Which of the following is NOT a type of soul? (1)Nutrition (2)Perception and Appearance (3)Desire (4)Rational thought. 15.What is the ultimate good to be achieved in Aristotle's ethical theory? (1)Political interest (2)Justice (3)Eudaimonia (4)Morality. 16.Which of the following is NOT included in Organon? (1)Theory of Meaning (2)Philosophy of Language (3)Philosophy of Science (4)Poetics. 17.According to Aristotle, living organism must be ordered under which of the following principle? (1)Teleology (2)Virtue (3)Science (4)Determinism. 18.What's the primary principle of life?(1)Body (2)Reason (3)Soul (4)Deduction 19.Which of the following does NOT fall within the range of Aristotle's philosophy of God:(1)theology (2)the general discussion of being (3)the special discussion of divine substance (4)'special metaphysics' dealing with God. 20.Pleasure is:(1)the formal (2)a supervenient end (3)an ultimate end (4)the final end. --

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