课程名称︰经济学一 课程性质︰通识 课程教师︰林明仁 开课学院：社会科学院 开课系所︰经济系 考试日期（年月日）︰2009/04/15 考试时限（分钟）：120分钟 是否需发放奖励金：是 （如未明确表示，则不予发放） 试题 : 一.选择题(每题皆须附上说明,否则不予计分) 1. ┌───────────────────┬──────────────┐ │Labor hours needed to make one unit of│ Amount produced in 40 hours│ ───┼─────────┬─────────┼───────┬──────┤ │ cheese │ Bread │ cheese │ Bread │ ───┼─────────┼─────────┼───────┼──────┤ England│ 1 │ 2 │ 40 │ 20 │ ───┼─────────┼─────────┼───────┼──────┤ Spain │ 2 │ 8 │ 20 │ 5 │ ───┴─────────┴─────────┴───────┴──────┘ England and Spain both could benefit,relative to a situation in which neither country is specializing,by England specializing in (a) bread and Spain specializing in cheese. (b) cheese and Spain specializing in bread. (c) both goods and Spain specializing in neither good. (d) neither good and Spain specializing in both goods. 2.Mike has spent ＄500 purchasing and repairing an old fishing boat,which he expects to sell for ＄800 once the repairs are complete.Mike discovers that, in addition to the ＄500 he has already spent,he needs to make an additional repair,which will cost another ＄400,in order to make the boat worth ＄800 to potential buyers.He can sell the boat as it is now for＄300.What should he do (a) He should sell the boat as it is now for ＄300 (b) He should keep the boat since it would not be rational to spend ＄900 on repairs and then sell the boat for ＄800. (c) He should complete the repairs and sell the boat for ＄800 (d) It does not matter which action he takes;the outcome is the same either way 3.The difference between production possibilities frontiers that are bowed out and those that are straight lines is that (a) bowed-out production possibilities frontiers apply to economies that face tradeoffs,whereas straight-line production possibilities frontiers apply to economies that do not face tradeoffs. (b) bowed-out production possibilities frontiers apply to economies in which resources are not specialized,whereas straight-line production possibilities frontiers apply to economies in which resources are specialized. (c) bowed-out production possibilities frontiers illustrate increasing opportunity cost,whereas straight-line production possibilities frontiers illustrate constant opportunity cost. (d) straight-line production possibilities frontiers illustrate real-world conditions,whereas bowed-out production possibilities frotiers illustrate more simplistic assumptions. 4.Suppose scientists provide evidence to the effect that chocolate pudding increases cholesterol .We would expect to see (a) no change in the demand for chocolate pudding. (b) a decrease in the demand for chocolate pudding. (c) an increase in the demand for chocolate pudding. (d) a decrease in the supply of chocolate pudding. 5. Figure 1 A B price ----> <---- │ D D' S │ D' D S Ｐo'│--＼--- ＼／ Ｐo │--＼--- ＼／ │ ＼ ／ ＼ │ ＼ ／ ＼ Ｐo│------＼ ︱ ＼ Ｐo'│------＼ ︱ ＼ │ ／ ︱ ＼ ＼ │ ／ ︱ ＼ ＼ │ ︱ ︱ │ ︱ ︱ └─────── quantity └─────── quantity Ｑo Ｑo' Ｑo' Ｑo C D price -----> price <----- │ D S S' │ D S' S │ ＼ ╱ ╱ │ ＼ ╱ ╱ Ｐo│----- ╱ ╱ Ｐo'│----- ╱ ╱ │ ╱ ＼ ╱ │ ╱ ＼ ╱ Ｐo'│- ╱---- ╱ Ｐo │- ╱---- ╱ │╱ ︱ ╱ ︱＼ │╱ ︱ ╱ ︱＼ └─────── quantity └─────── quantity Ｑo Ｑo' Ｑo' Ｑo Which of the four graphs represents the market for peanut butter after a major hurricane hits the peanut-growing place? (a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D 6.Refer to Figure 1. Suppose the events depicted in graphs A and C were illustrated together on a single graph.A definitive result of the two events would be (a) an increase in the equilibrium quantity. (b) an increase in the equilibrium price. (c) an instance in which the law of demand fails to hold. (d) All of the above are correct. 7.Suppose the point (Q=2000,P=＄60) is the midpoint on a certain downward- sloping,linear demand curve.Then (a) an increase in price from ＄40 to ＄42 will increase total revenue. (b) a decrease in price from ＄61 to ＄59 will leave total revenue unchanged. (c) the maximum value of total revenue is ＄120000. (d) All of the above are correct. 8.假设政府规定某特定产品有一价格上限,则所产生的短缺在下列何种情况最大? (a) 需求与供给都非常没有弹性 (b) 需求与供给都非常有弹性 (c) 需求非常有弹性,但供给非常没有弹性 (d) 供给非常有弹性,但需求非常没有弹性 9.After a ＄2 per-unit tax on seeing movies is imposed in theaters,attendance fall from 6000 a week to 5000 a week.The burden of the tax on theater owners is ＄5000 a week .What's the tax burden on consumers? (a) zero (b) positive but less than ＄5000 per week (c)＄5000 per week (d) more than ＄5000 per week 10.Suppose a tax of ＄3 per unit is imposed on a good.The supply curve and the demand curve are straight lines.The tax generates tax revenue of ＄6000. From this imformation it follows that the tax decrease the equilibrium quantity of the good (a) from 2000 to 1500 (b) from 2400 to 2000 (c) from 2600 to 2000 (d) from 3000 to 2400 二.简答题.请评论以下观点(请言简意赅,勿长篇大论) 1.台湾高铁於11月1日实施双色优惠,小离峰时段给与乘客85折,大离峰时段最低可打到65 折的优惠,北高最低票价可至965元,低於原价的1490元.假设原价代表满座时平均每人的 营运成本,请用经济学的观点说明高铁公司为何愿意以低於成本的价格出售车票? 2.每次台风过境台湾都会造成一些农产品的损失.一位记者报导内容如下:「台风过後造成 许多菜价上涨,小白菜价格上涨三倍,豆芽菜价格也上涨,但豆芽菜种在房子内,根本不会 受到台风的影响,政府应当调查豆芽菜农是否趁机哄抬物价」.请问你对这位记者的说法 有何看法?(请个别分析小白菜与豆芽菜市场的供需) 3.供给与需求弹性相对大小如何影响消费者与供给者负担税负的多寡?请画出相应的供需 图来支持你的说法. 三.计算题 1.Suppose that your demand schedule for T-shirts is as follows: Price Quantity Demanded Quantity Demanded (income=＄12000) (income=＄15000) ──────────────────────────────────── 5 20 T-shirts 25 T-shirts 8 16 22 11 12 19 14 8 16 17 4 13 a. Use the midpoint method to calculate you price elasticityof demand as the price of T-shirts increases from ＄5 to ＄8 if (i) your income is ＄12000 (ii) your income is ＄15000 b. Calculate your income elaticity of demand as your income rises from ＄12000 to ＄15000 if (i) the price is ＄14 (ii) the price is ＄17 2.Suppose in Mainland China,the demand function for bread is q=480-6p and the supply function is q=120+3p where p is the price in RMBs and q is the loaves of bread.The communist party made it illegal to sell bread for a price above 30 RMBs per loaves.To avoid shortages,the communist party agreed to pay producers of bread enough of a subsidy for each loaf of bread so as to make supply equal demand.How much would the subsidy per loaf have to be? 3.若市场上某项电脑用品之需求曲线与供给曲线分别如下: 需求:P = 300-Q 供给:P = 60+2Q 如果现在政府对该电脑用品每部课徵税收15元,请回答下列问题: a.税前的市场均衡价格与数量各为多少? b.税後的市场均衡价格与数量各为多少? c.政府税收为多少? 4.国内的面板厂有新型显示萤幕上市,市场供给曲线斜率为正、市场需求曲线斜率为负. 政府未补贴国内的面板厂,厂商每卖出一个萤幕,政府便给厂商100元奖励金. a.请问补贴政策会如何影响显示萤幕的市场供给曲线与需求曲线?补贴对於均衡的交易量 有何影响?请绘图说明. b.请比较均衡价格的调整幅度与100元的大小. c.请在图中绘出消费者剩余的变化. --

※ 发信站: 批踢踢实业坊(ptt.cc) ◆ From: 118.165.138.230