标题: [试题] 94上 普生乙 期中考 蔡珊珊 + 林赞标 时间: Tue Dec 13 01:05:44 2005 课程名称︰普通生物学乙 课程性质︰系定必修 课程教师︰蔡珊珊+林赞标 开课系所︰农化一 考试时间︰2005/11/21 以下为蔡老师出题部分(70%) 之选择题部分，占50% 试题 : Biology Midtern Exam I.MATCH THE FOLLOWINGS:(2% each) 1.What are homologous chromosomes? a.chromosomes that are similar in their size, shape and gene content b.similar chromosomes that are found in different individuals of the same sepcies c.the two "threads" in a replicated chromosomes (they have identical copies) d.the products of the crossing over, which contain a combination of segments from maternal chromosomes and segments from paternal chromosomes 2.Phospholipids can form all of the following structures in water EXCEPT which one? a.micelles b.bilayers c.monolayers d.vesicles 3.Which of the following is NOT true of osmosis? a.It is a special case of diffusion. b.It is an energy-demanding or "active" process. c.Water moves from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration. d.It occurs whenever solutions are separated by a semipermeable membrane. 4.What is the most likely role of a cell that contains an extensive smooth ER? a.It plays a role in storage. b.It synthesizes large quantities of lipids. c.It actively exports protein molecules. d.It plays a role in immune function. 5.What is the site of synthesis of proteins for export? a.free ribosomes b.ribosomes that attach to the endoplasmic reticulum c.the Gulgi complex d.ribosomes that are attached to the outer mitochondrial membrane 6.What is the function of the nuclear pore complex? a.regulates movement of materials across the nuclear membrane b.assembles ribosomes from raw materials that are synthesized in the nucleus c.communicates with components of the endomembranal system d.synthesizes and repairs DNA, the unit of genetic information. 7.Transport of materials across a cell membrane: a.is selective b.always takes place from a region of greater concentration to a region of lesser concentration c.is an energy-requiring process regardless of the chemical properties of the substance being transported d.requires a carrier molecule in the membrane 8.A parent cell divides to form two genetically identical daughter cells in the process of mitosis. For mitosis to take place: a.The parent cell must first be fertilized. b.The parent cell must replicate its entire genome prior to mitosis. c.The parent cell must reproduce its DNA during telophase. d.The parent cell must divide its DNA in half so each daughter cell gets only the genes needed to carry out its functions. In this way, differentiation occurs. 9.The first gap in the cell cycle(G1) corresponds to: a.normal growth and functioning b.the period in which DNA is being replicated c.the begining of mitosis d.the stage between DNA replication and the M phase 10.A key difference between mitosis and meiosis is: a.synapsis of homologous chromosomes in mitosis b.synapsis of homologous chromosomes in meiosis c.synapsis of nonhomologous chromosomes in mitosis d.synapsis of nonhomologous chromosomes in meiosis 11.During interphase of the cell cycle, just prior to mitosis or meiosis, a.DNA recombines. b.Sister chromatids move to opposite poles. c.The nuclear membrane disappears. d.DNA content essentially doubles. 12.Genetic variation, provided through sexual reproduction, offers more opportunity for offspring to survive in changing environments. What two aspects of meiosis provide sources of such variation? a.mutation and fertilization b.crossing over and allelic exclusion c.segregation and independent assortment d.crossing over and independent assortment of chromosomes 13.Mendel crossed yellow-seeded and green-seeded pea plants and then allowed the offspring to self-pollinate to produce an F2 generation. The results were as follows: 6022 yellow and 2001 green (8023 total). The allele for green seeds has what relationship to the allele for yellow seeds? a.dominant b.incompletely dominant c.recessive d.semidominant 14.The alleles found in haploid organisms cannot be dominant or recessive. Why? a.Dominance and recessiveness describe interactions between two alleles of the same gene in the same individual. b.Because only one allele is present, alleles in haploid organisms are always dominant. c.Alleles in haploid individuals are transmitted like mitochondrial DNA or chloroplast DNA. d.Most haploid individuals are bacteria, and bacterial genetics is completely different from eukaryotic genetics. 15.According to the structure of DNA, what component of that structure is most directly associated with encoding genetic information? a.the sequence of phosphates b.nitrogenous bases and their sequence c.the arrangement of phosphodiester linkages d.the order of the deoxyribose sugars e.all of the above are correct 16.What did one-gene-one-enzyme hypothesis state? a.Genes are composed of stretches of DNA. b.Genes are made of protein. c.Genes code for ribozymes. d.A single gene codes for a single protein. 17.As scientists were attempting to determine the structure of the genetic code, Crick and co-workers found that when three base additions or three base deletions occurred in a single gene, the wild-type phenotype was sometimes restored. These data indicated: a.The code is triplet. b.The code contains internal punctuation. c.AUG is the initiating triplet. d.The code is overlapping. e.There are three amino acids per base. 18.What is an anticodon? a.the part of an RNA message that signals the termination of translation b.the part of an RNA message that signals the start of translation c.the part of a tRNA message that binds to a complementary codon in mRNA d.the part of a tRNA that accepts an amino acid, via a reaction catalyzed by tRNA synthetase 19.The relationship between a gene and a messenger RNA is as follows: a.Genes are made from mRNAs. b.mRNAs are made from genes. c.mRNAs make proteins which then code for genes. d.All genes are made from mRNAs. e.Messenger RNA is directly responsible for making Okazaki fragments. 20.Which of the following mutations would have the greatest negative impact on the protein product of a gene? a.a base-pair substitution b.a deletion of three bases near the middle of the gene c.a single base insertion near the start of the coding region of the gene d.a single base deletion close to the end of the coding region of a gene 21.When considering the general action of RNA polymerases in eukaryotes, all of the following macromolecules are transcribed directly from DNA EXCEPT: a.tRNAs b.Exons c.Introns d.Proteins e.mRNAs 22.Which component is not directly involved in the process known as translation? a.mRNA b.tRNA c.ribosomes d.DNA e.codon/anticondon 23.Why are the genes involved in lactose metabolism considered to be an operon? a.They occupy adjacent loctions on the E.coli chromosomes. b.They have a similar function. c.They are all required for the normal cell function. d.They are under the control of the same promoter. 24.Full induction of the lac operon occurs when: a.lactose levels are low and glucose levels are low. b.lactose levels are low and glucose levels are high. c.lactose levels are high and glucose levels are low. d.lactose levels are high and glucose levels are high. 25.CAP is said to be responsible for positive regulation of the lac operon because: a.CAP binds cAMP. b.CAP binds the CAP binding site. c.CAP prevents binding of the repressor to the operator. d.CAP bound to the CAP binding site increases the frequency of transcription initiation by RNA polymerase. e.Extracellular glucose levels influence the ability of CAP to bind to the CAP binding site. -- ANS: acbbb aabab ddcab dacbc dddce ============================================================================= II.FILL IN THE BLANKS:(2% each) 1.Highly phagocytic cells, like some of your immune cells, need __________ to degrade their phagocytosed particles. 2.DNA is composed of four nucleotides _________. 3.The mitotic spindle is a microtubular strcture that is involved in __________. 4.Mitosis is the process of chromosome separation. Cytoplasm is divided between the two daughter cells in a process known as ___________. 5.A human somatic (body) cell normally contains 46 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would be expected in a male's gamete? ______. 6.____________ is the type of replication used by cell to copy DNA, in which each daughter DNA molecule is composed of one old strand and one new strand. 7.Okazaki fragments which are short segments of DNA produced during DNA replication, can be synthesized from ______ strand, oriented in a 5'→3' direction. 8.Lac operon of E.coli was negatively regulated by _______ and positively regulated by _______. 9.The name of the currently accepted model of membrane structure is ____________________. -- 参考答案: 1.lysosome 2.A T G C 3.? 4.cytokinesis 5.23 6.半保留复制 7.? 8.? ? 9.fluid mosaic model ============================================================================== 以下是林赞标部分，占三十分 Biology 2005 Fall (占30% 每题2分) 1.How is ATP used in biological systems? a)ATP is found in your diet and is a source of energy. b)ATP is necessary for enzymes to function. It is transferred from cell to cell to provide energy. c)ATP hydrolysis is coupled to endergonic reactions to drive them. d)ATP is one of the building blocks of fats. 2.The overall reaction of photosynthesis was expressed as A and B: A: CO2 + 2H2O + light → (CH2O)n + H2O +O2 B: 6CO2 + 12H2O + light → C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 6O2 Why B is more accurate than A? ____________________________________ 3.Which compound(s) act as shuttles that transfer electrons between complex proteins? a)ubiquinone and cytochrome c b)cytochrome c c)cytochrome a d)ubiquinone 4.Why not just stop at pyruvate in the absence of oxygen? Why lactate? a)The reaction from pyruvate to lactate converts NADH back to NAD+, which is required for glycolysis. b)The reaction from pyruvate to lactate converts ADP to ATP. c)The reaction from pyruvate to lactate converts ATP to ADP. d)The reaction from pyruvate to lactate generates energy. 5.In terms of energy production, what is the most important product produced by the Krebs cycle? a)ATP b)CO2 c)NADH and FADH2 d)glucose 6.Which wavelength can oxidizing water? a)wavelength 700 nm b)wavelength 680 nm c)wavelength of both 700 nm and 680 nm d)wavelength 600 nm e)wavelength of both 700 nm and 600 nm 7.What is the Emerson enhancement effect of red and far red light? ___________________________________________________ 8.During photosynthesis when PSII is active, electron motive force is forming resulting a)stroma pH 8 and thylakoid lumen pH 5 b)stroma pH 8 and thylakoid lumen pH 4 c)stroma low 5 and thylakoid lumen high 8 d)stroma pH 4 and thylakoid lumen pH 7 9.The committed step of glycolysis is phosphofructokinase, which is inhibited by: a)high concentration of fructose 6-P b)high concentration of ADP c)high concentration of ATP d)high concentration of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate 10.What do carotenoid do in photosynthesis? a)they turn northern forests into spectacular display of yellow and orange. b)they extend the range of wavelengths that can drive photosynthesis. c)they can protect free radicals in photosynthesis. d)the pigment of light-dependent reactions use CO2 to make ATP. 11.If the light-independent reactions synthesize glucose, how can these be cyclic reactions? a)Because glucose is the first reactant in the cycle. b)Because glucose is part of the cycle. c)Glucose is synthesized as a side reaction but the reation intermediates are regenerated to complete a cycle. d)Glucose is another name for RuBP. 12.Maximum yield of ATP per molecule of glucose in cellular respiration is a)40 b)36 c)30 d)26 13.In prokaryotes, the components of the electron transport chain are located in the: a)inner membrane of mitochondria b)outer membrene of mitochondria c)in the cell membrane d)in the matrix of mitochondria 14._____________ reation converts NADP+ to NADPH. 15.Which of the estimate of chloroplast contained in one cell is reasonable? a)10-20 b)40-50 c)100-200 d)400-500 -- Form in personality is unable gentle, only go through and try smelting and tormenting, soul can just be strengthened; The vision just be distinct; The great ambition can just be excited; And succeed and can just obtain. ~Helen Keller~ --

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