(一) 湖人對灰熊，比賽最後～ Lowry持球切入跳起撞到Kwame，是否犯規？ 目前分成二說 ㄅ. Kwame犯規，理由：Kwame有起跳！ ㄆ. Kwame沒犯規，理由：與起跳無關，Kwame垂直起跳，手未下壓！ (關於ㄇ. Kwame犯規，理由：Kwame手有下壓！ Kwame手是否下壓涉主觀認定，各有認定，非本文討論範圍） (二)上述情形，根據NBA官方規則與官方判例彙編已有定論， 與是否起跳無涉！ 判斷標準在於： 防守球員是否建立一般防守站位 且 防守球員是否有以手臂前推或下壓造成肢體碰撞 A.依NBA官方判例彙編第213則判例： 1.爭議事實： Player B1 is guarding Player A1 in a normal position with his arms extended upward to prevent a shot. In his attempt to shoot, Player A1 causes contact with Player B1's arms which are still extended upward. 球員B1在防守球員A1時，保持其一般位置，雙手垂直上舉阻止進攻球員投籃。 在企圖投籃的過程中，球員A1的行為造成與B1的肢體碰撞， 此時球員B1的手臂仍然保持上舉。 2.爭議點： (1) Is this a personal foul against Player B1? (2) Is this a personal foul against Player A1? 上述情形中: (1)是否為防守球員B1的個人犯規? (2)是否為進攻球員A1的個人犯規? 3.裁判結果： (1) No. Player B1 has established a legal guarding position. He must not be allowed to move forward or lower his arms thereby causing contact. 針對是否為防守球員B1的個人犯規? 答案是否定的: 因為防守球員B1已經建立合法的防守位置。 不過，防守球員B1絕對不可以 向前伸出或下壓他的手臂造成與進攻球員的肢體接觸。 (2) Not necessarily. If in the opinion of the official (as in any personal foul) Player A1 has not placed Player B1 at a disadvantage and the contact is incidental, then the action is ignored. If, however, the opposite prevails, an offensive foul is called. 針對是否為進攻球員A1的個人犯規? 答案視情形不同而定(不一定要吹犯規): 假使在場的裁判認為，進攻球員A1 並未造成防守球員B1有任何不利益的產生，且 非故意製造與防守球員B1間的碰撞， 裁判可以不響哨忽略球員A1的行為。 反之，如果進攻球員A1造成防守球員B1的不利益， 此時裁判應給予一個進攻犯規。 (關於進攻免責區讓進攻球員豁免撞人犯規之情形，有另一個判例， 不在本文討論範圍) 4.判例依據的NBA官方規則：COMMENTS ON THE RULES - A - 2 B.依據NBA官方規則 COMMENTS ON THE RULES 的部分中， II - A - 2 Guarding an Opponent 關於防守他方球員之規定， 並未以球員起跳與否作為肢體碰撞產生時有無犯規的判斷標準, 且球員按其位置享有手臂上舉之垂直領域(vertical position)。 1.關於何謂合法的防守位置 In all guarding situations, a player is entitled to any spot on the court he desires, provided he legally gets to that spot first and without contact with an opponent. If a defensive or offensive player has established a position on the floor and his opponent initiates contact that results in the dislodging of the opponent, a foul should be called IMMEDIATELY. 2.關於防守球員的垂直領域 ......A player is entitled to a vertical position even to the extent of holding his arms above his shoulders, as in post play or when double-teaming in pressing tactics...... -- 女生想殺出重圍 手中一定要有一把大刀 面對敵人 還要 比對方多出 那麼一點點絕對 --

※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc) ◆ From: 125.224.217.31 ※ 編輯: jajacat 來自: 125.224.217.31 (01/14 21:27)