接洽中，请勿再来信，谢谢 ────────────────────────────────────── [必]工 作 量： 约四页 (12字体单行高) [必]工作报酬： 一页约520字，抓整数整份完成1000元 [必]涉及语言： 英 [必]所属领域： 化学化工工程 [必]文件类型： 提案 [必]截 稿 日： 2021 03 06 (4号才能给稿) [必]应徵期限： 徵到为止 [必]联络方式： 请任选a或b段落润稿改写後直接站内信联系 [必]付费方式： 承接工作後提供劳务报酬单，完稿後一周内由公司支付 ────────────────────────────────────── [选]工作要求： 润稿与改写，使其不影响原意下与文字不与原文相同即可 [选]参考段落： [选]试 译 文： 请任选a或b段落润稿改写後直接站内信联系 a. Glycerol with high purity has a wide application in various industry such as pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food products. However, the percentage of purity of the glycerol from the biodiesel industry is limiting its conversion to a high valued product. The crude glycerol contains a large number of contaminants such as soap, salts, ethanol, methanol, water, fatty acid, methyl esters, glycerides, and ash. Yang et al. (2012) stated that the impurities in the crude glycerol could greatly influence its conversion into other value-added products. Venkataramanan et al. (2012) also reported that soaps in the crude glycerol have a strong inhibitory effect on the utilization of the glycerol by bacteria, which affects the performance of crude glycerol as the carbon source in the fermentation process. b. the most commonly used processes are distillation, ion exchange resin, membrane separation technology, acidification, followed by neutralization and solvent extraction. Acidification is a commonly used technique to neutralize the impurities like catalyst into inorganic salt. Besides acidification, it is also able to reduce the amount of soaps by converting them into insoluble free fatty acid as they can adversely impact the separation and cause loss of yield. Since acidification process does not remove all impurities, it needs a further purification step to remove other impurities like methanol, oil, water, and ester. However, the distillation process has some limitation over others as it requires high energy input for vaporization and causes thermal decompositions. Besides, high vacuum is also required in distillation to prevent high-temperature denaturation of glycerol through acrolein formation. ────────────────────────────────────── --

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